AOBA Insights & Livestock Stories

Poultry Grandmasters: The La Flèche

Sun, 03 Aug 2025 17:33:35 GMT

Poultry Grandmasters: The La Flèche

An Interview with Breed Expert Peter Ferjenčík, aka Kohut Zpekla (“Rooster from Hell”) from Slovakia.

In the world of ornamental and utility poultry, few breeds capture the imagination quite like the La Flèche. With their signature devilish red V-shaped comb, glossy black plumage, and striking white earlobes, these chickens seem as if they’ve stepped straight out of a medieval legend. Though this French breed boasts a rich history dating back to the 15th century, it remains rare and relatively unknown outside its country of origin. We spoke with Slovak breeder Peter Ferjenčík, better known by his nickname Kohut Zpekla (“Rooster from Hell”), who has been passionately breeding this mysterious and impressive breed for over two decades. In this interview, he shares his experiences, insights, and deep admiration for one of the most distinctive chicken breeds in the world.

Background & Beginnings

Could you briefly introduce yourself to our readers?

My name is Peter Ferjenčík, I live in Bratislava, Slovakia. I've been breeding light poultry, which is almost unknown in my country, for 22 years. I’ve always looked for breeds that differ from the commonly kept ones here.

How did you get started keeping poultry?

About 30 years ago, I started with White-crested Dutch bantams. In the years that followed, I tried many breeds – from Leghorns and Brakels to Orloffs and Pavlovskayas. In the end, I stayed loyal mostly to breeds with unique features, such as Araucanas.

When did you first come into contact with the La Flèche breed?

Back in the pre-internet days, I discovered La Flèche in a chicken encyclopedia. Their devilish look immediately caught my attention.

What attracted you to this unique French breed?

Their distinctive red V-shaped comb instead of a standard one, the black plumage with white earlobes – and that devilish look – fascinated me. I sometimes call them my "Lucifer's chickens."

How long have you been breeding La Flèche?

Since 2003. I got my first hatching eggs from a breeder in Prague. Over the years, I built up my own line, adding roosters from Germany and Austria and introducing new color varieties.

The La Flèche Breed

What do you find most striking about the La Flèche?

Without a doubt, their appearance. The V-shaped comb, black feathers, and large white earlobes make them stand out with an elegant and noble look.

How would you describe the temperament of this breed?

They are lively and flighty. Not aggressive, but cautious – you have to earn their trust.

What are the biggest challenges in keeping and breeding La Flèche?

It’s hard to tell roosters from hens early on – they look the same for a long time. Also, it’s difficult to find unrelated birds due to the rarity of the breed. Their ability to fly means they need a well-enclosed run.

What makes a good La Flèche in your opinion? What do you look for?

A good La Flèche should have a strong build, long legs, upright posture, well-developed horn combs (in males), and a striking contrast between the black plumage and red/white facial features.

What is your favorite characteristic of this breed?

Definitely the horned comb – it’s what makes this breed so unique.

Color Varieties & Bloodlines

Which color varieties of La Flèche are you currently working with?

Mainly black and blue La Flèche. Thanks to a French import, I now also breed the rare coucou variety.

Have you kept other color varieties in the past?

Yes, through German hatching eggs I got birds in white, splash, and coucou.

Which variety do you find the most beautiful or the most challenging?

Black is still my favorite due to its visual contrast, but coucou is very rare and therefore special.

Where did you get your first La Flèche from?

In 2003, I obtained hatching eggs from a breeder in Prague. My first rooster came from Straubing, Germany.

Have you introduced any new bloodlines later? If so, from where?

Yes. I added roosters from Austria, Germany (Leipzig), and France (Metz). Refreshing the bloodlines is essential.

How important do you think it is to introduce new bloodlines?

Very important – especially with a rare breed. Without fresh genetics, inbreeding becomes a real risk.

Have you ever developed a new line yourself?

Yes, my current birds are the result of years of selection for appearance, fertility, and character.

Shows & Recognition

Do you often participate in shows with your La Flèche?

Yes, I regularly exhibit them. In 2015, I participated in the European show in Metz (France), and I’ll also be at the European Animal Show in Nitra in 2025.

What has been your best result at a show so far?

Exhibiting in Metz and acquiring a rare coucou-colored French rooster there was definitely a highlight.

What do you find more important: exhibition quality or functional traits?

Both are important. Appearance matters at shows, but I also value egg-laying ability and health.

How is the La Flèche generally received at shows in Slovakia or elsewhere?

The breed always attracts attention due to its unique look. I’ve even seen the bantam version at a show in the Czech Republic.

Breeding & The Future

How large is your current flock of La Flèche?

It varies by season, but I breed selectively and with a clear focus. My first hatches start as early as January to prepare young birds for summer shows.

What is your biggest breeding challenge at the moment?

Sexing the chicks is difficult in the early stages. Also, maintaining genetic diversity is always a challenge with rare breeds.

How do you see the future of the La Flèche in Slovakia and Europe?

I hope more breeders will discover this fascinating breed. It deserves to be seen more often at exhibitions.

What advice would you give to beginners who want to start with La Flèche?

This breed is better suited to more experienced keepers who have space and a secure run. They love green areas and will fly to get there. But for those who enjoy a challenge, they are a deeply rewarding breed.

La Flèche: A French Aristocrat in the Chicken Coop

Sat, 19 Jul 2025 13:07:53 GMT

La Flèche: A French Aristocrat in the Chicken Coop

By Jean Kiala-Inkisi, President - African Ornamental Breeders Association (AOBA)

As the chairman of the African Ornamental Breeders Association (AOBA), I am always on the lookout for special breeds that fascinate not only because of their appearance but also because of their history and character. One breed that has always intrigued me is the La Flèche, a chicken with a rich history and aristocratic appearance dating back to 15th-century France. In this article, I will share my personal experience with this remarkable breed, its key characteristics, care, and why it is so important to preserve this unique chicken.

History and Origin

The La Flèche is inseparably linked to the French region Pays de la Loire, especially the city of La Flèche and its surroundings such as Le Mans and Mézeray. This breed is one of the oldest French chicken breeds and likely derives its name from the city itself, which is known for its historical connections with the legend of Saint Thomas and arrows (‘flèche’ means arrow in French).

Since the 15th century, the La Flèche has been a prized chicken, admired for its size, meat quality, and striking appearance. On the markets of Paris, Anjou, and Normandy, it was considered a delicacy, often compared to the legendary Bresse chicken. Over the centuries, the La Flèche has endured, despite the severe setbacks it suffered in the 20th century when it nearly vanished. Thanks to dedicated breeders in France and Germany, this French aristocrat was revived and remains today a rare but highly valued jewel within the poultry world.

Physical Characteristics

The La Flèche immediately stands out due to its characteristic V-shaped comb, also known as a ‘devil’s comb,’ unique in the poultry world. This sharp, red comb forms a distinctive ‘horseshoe’ shape on the head, giving the chicken its instant recognition. The white earlobes contrast beautifully with its glossy black feathers, which sometimes show a greenish sheen in sunlight.

The chicken is medium-sized but relatively heavy and compact. The rooster typically weighs between 3.5 and 4 kilos, and the hen around 3 to 3.5 kilos. Its posture is proud and elegant, almost aristocratic, with a long, slender head and dark reddish-brown eyes that emphasize its character. The legs are slate-gray, sturdy, and moderately long, providing a solid foundation.

Although black is the most recognized and traditional color, rare variants such as blue, white, cuckoo, and gray pearl exist. However, these colors are not widely recognized and are seldom seen.

Behavior and Character

What makes the La Flèche so special is also its character. It is lively and alert but shy and reserved towards humans. This makes it not ideal for a domestic environment with frequent direct contact, but rather a breed for true enthusiasts who give it the space to display its natural behavior.

La Flèche chickens are good foragers and can fly well, which means high fencing or a covered run is necessary to prevent escape. They are not aggressive but keep their distance. They are also not broody, which can be challenging for breeders, but this can be managed with an incubator or a broody rooster.

The breed is reasonably hardy, tolerating moisture and heat well, but cold winters can be difficult. A well-insulated coop and sufficient shelter are therefore essential.

Production and Use

The La Flèche is primarily a meat breed, prized for its fine, juicy, and short-fibered meat. The taste is often compared to the Bresse chicken, making it particularly valuable culinarily. The meat distribution is nice, with a relatively low percentage of waste and fine marbling over the breast, thighs, and back.

Although it grows slowly and takes about ten months to mature, it delivers excellent meat yield. Historically, La Flèche chickens were fattened as capons or poulardes, sometimes hand-fed, which further enhanced their flavor and texture.

Besides meat, the hens also produce a decent number of eggs: between 140 and 220 large white eggs per year. The eggs are sturdy and of good quality, although the hens rarely go broody, so hatching chicks often requires incubators.

Care and Breeding

La Flèche chickens require attention and care but no overly special treatment. They do well on quality feed, especially when raised for meat production. Space and freedom of movement are crucial, as they need to express their lively nature and flying ability fully.

For breeders, it is important to pay attention to the correct breed characteristics such as the V-shaped comb, white earlobes, and shiny black plumage. Healthy and vital parent stock is essential to maintain the breed’s quality and heritage.

The breed is sensitive to cold, so a draft-free and sheltered housing is recommended. In my own experience, a spacious, natural environment with plenty of shelter options yields the best results.

Preserving the La Flèche

Despite its rich past, the La Flèche remains a rare and endangered breed. Preserving this chicken is crucial for maintaining diversity within the poultry world and the cultural heritage of France and Europe.

By keeping the breed alive, we contribute to conserving genetic variation and enable future generations to enjoy its beauty and culinary qualities. It is also a tribute to the breeders who have lovingly cared for it over the centuries.

As a breeder and lover of this breed, I am happy to promote the La Flèche further and spread knowledge about its unique qualities. It is a breed that fascinates not only because of its appearance but above all because of its story and character.

My Personal Experience

I have been breeding La Flèche chickens for several years with great pleasure. It is a challenge to keep this breed in optimal condition, but it brings much satisfaction. Their proud posture, glossy feathers, and distinctive sound make every moment with them special.

Visitors and fellow breeders often react with admiration, and it is wonderful to see how a breed with such a long history still touches many people today. For me, the La Flèche is more than a chicken: it is a living link between the past and the future of our poultry keeping.

Would you like to know more about the La Flèche or are you interested in breeding advice? Feel free to contact me. Together, we can give this remarkable breed a bright future.

The Importance of Vaccinating Pigeons

Tue, 15 Jul 2025 15:22:59 GMT

Healthy pigeons are the foundation of any success. Vaccination is an essential step to protect your pigeons from dangerous diseases.

Pigeons are beautiful birds that bring great joy to their owners. Whether you keep fancy pigeons for exhibitions, racing pigeons for competitions, or simply enjoy their presence: healthy pigeons are the foundation of any success. Vaccination is an essential step to protect your pigeons from dangerous diseases.

Why vaccinate?

Pigeons can become infected with serious diseases such as paramyxovirus, pox, and paratyphoid. These diseases are not only contagious within your loft but can also devastate your entire flock and cause significant losses. By vaccinating your pigeons on time, you greatly reduce this risk.

Even if your pigeons don’t participate in competitions, vaccination remains important — health and resistance are essential, especially in areas where hygiene and veterinary care may be more limited.

When and how often?

Young pigeons : start vaccinating as soon as the youngsters are 5 to 6 weeks old. Usually, they receive a combination vaccine against paramyxo-rota.
Booster : repeat the vaccination after 3–4 weeks.
Adult pigeons : repeat the vaccination at least once a year, preferably before the flying or exhibition season.
Pox : this disease can also be prevented by vaccinating young pigeons around 5–6 weeks old, also with a booster a few weeks later.
Paratyphoid (salmonella) : this vaccine is usually given about 4 weeks before the season.

How is vaccination done?

There are two commonly used methods:
✅ Injection method : the vaccine is injected into the neck muscle or breast muscle.
✅ Feather follicle method : the vaccine is applied to a bare patch of skin under the feathers, usually on the neck or wing.

Ideally, have this done by an experienced veterinarian or pigeon keeper. This prevents mistakes and stress in the birds.

Tips for African pigeon keepers

Always check the quality and expiration date of vaccines.
Do not vaccinate during molting: their resistance is lower at that time.
Avoid contact with other lofts in the 3 weeks after vaccination.
Always vaccinate the entire loft at the same time, so all pigeons are protected.

And don’t forget…

A vaccine never provides 100% guarantee. Always keep a close eye on your pigeons and act quickly if you notice any signs of illness.

Conclusion

Vaccination is the foundation for healthy and strong pigeons. Follow the right schedule, plan carefully, and work hygienically. This way, your pigeons can continue to show off their beautiful flying skills, tumbles, and performances — to the delight of you and the visitors to your loft.

Do you have questions about vaccination or would you like to share your experiences? Feel free to contact AOBA through our website!

Pigeon Grandmasters: Roel De Meyer (from Team De Meyer - Boddaert)

Tue, 15 Jul 2025 14:47:24 GMT

Pigeon Grandmasters: Roel De Meyer (from Team De Meyer - Boddaert)

An Interview with a Belgian Champion on the International Stage.

Roel De Meyer is a well-known name in the world of international pigeon racing. Together with his teammate Wim Boddaert, he forms a top-performing team that has achieved great results, including winning the prestigious Princess Cup in Thailand. With a mix of passion, discipline, and strategic insight, he built his own pigeon line and competes at the highest level. In this exclusive interview for AOBA (African Ornamental Breeders Association), Roel shares an honest look into his sporting journey, his approach to breeding, training and nutrition, and his outlook on the future of pigeon racing both in Belgium and internationally.

Background & Inspiration

How did you get into pigeon racing?

My father started pigeon keeping in 1989. At first, I thought it was a strange hobby for old men, but when I had to clean the lofts every day during a vacation, my interest was sparked.

When did you realize you had talent for the sport?

In the early years, I once selected two pigeons I believed were in top condition, although they hadn’t shown results yet. The next race, they were our first two pigeons home and achieved a top result.

What does pigeon sport mean to you personally?

Pigeon racing is the most important of all the unimportant things in life.

What do you love most about the sport?

Living completely in sync with the pigeons during the season, with the weekly highlight being their return from a race.

How do you deal with disappointment after a bad race?

A good night's sleep works wonders.

International Success

What does it feel like to win international races such as the Princess Cup?

Suddenly you're noticed by a part of the international pigeon world — it’s definitely flattering.

What did that victory in Thailand mean to you?

It was a kind of confirmation that I’m on the right track.

How do you compare the popularity of pigeons in Asia versus Europe?

In Asia, pigeon racing is becoming more popular, while in Europe, the number of fanciers is declining. However, the sport is becoming more professional.

How did you end up on Taiwanese television, and what was that like?

A film crew visited my home and filmed interviews, the lofts, and our top pigeons — it was a very busy day.

Which international race would you still love to win?

For me, winning the Barcelona race would be the ultimate dream.

Breeding & Selection

How do you select your best pigeons?

By racing them as much as possible and judging based on results — and then selecting very strictly.

What qualities do you look for in a breeding bird?

Descendants that achieve top results. I find it most valuable to breed from pigeons that have proven themselves.

How important is pedigree to you?

A pedigree doesn’t win races, but it does provide valuable background information.

Do you have a favorite bloodline or strain?

I don't have a clear preference, but I notice that certain lines keep showing up in my best birds — such as the Cahors line, with foundation bird Rainbow, bred and raced by Wim Boddaert from Oostkamp.

How large is your current colony, and how do you decide who stays?

I raise about 120 youngsters each year for my own use. I let them gain experience — results are secondary. Throughout the season, I select based on health and vitality.

Training & Preparation

How do you prepare your pigeons for a major race?

They must get into a rhythm of training, feeding, and resting. The final preparation includes building them up with the right feed mixtures and quantities.

What is your training routine during the season?

Racing pigeons train twice a day, with males and females flying separately. Young birds train in the afternoon.

How do you keep your pigeons motivated and healthy?

Old cocks and hens are raced on classic widowhood with partners at home. Yearlings are raced on total widowhood — both males and females. Youngsters live in aviaries with individual nest boxes and are not extra motivated.

What role does nutrition play in your champions’ success?

Nutrition is one of the pillars of pigeon sport. I feed exclusively with Versele-Laga. You need a system that fits your own possibilities and stick to it strictly.

What common mistakes do you see among beginners?

Listening to too many different pieces of advice.

The Future & Advice

What has been your greatest sporting achievement so far?

Winning the Princess Cup stands out. But I personally remember the Cahors race in 2021, when my favorite pigeon Black Devil came home first in the entire zone under heroic circumstances.

What are the biggest challenges for pigeon sport in Belgium?

Getting young people excited about the sport — and keeping it affordable for them. Also limiting mega-lofts so smaller fanciers can still compete.

How do you see the future of Belgian pigeon racing?

The sport will survive, but it will change. I see the most potential in fanciers joining forces — sharing both the workload and the rewards.

What does your personal future in the sport look like?

I hope to keep improving my breeding stock and system — and above all, to continue enjoying it.

What advice do you have for young fanciers aiming for international success?

Specialize in one discipline and go all in.

Rogue Breeders: How to Spot Them?

Sat, 12 Jul 2025 09:49:25 GMT

True animal care starts before you buy: why being critical is crucial for welfare and quality.

The demand for beautiful, rare or productive animals remains high: purebred sheep and goats, prize-winning cattle, rare poultry breeds… Unfortunately, rogue breeders — often called puppy mill breeders or backyard breeders — try to cash in on this demand in dubious ways. They care little about animal welfare or honesty, putting profit above all else. That’s why it’s important to recognize them and consciously choose reputable, responsible breeders.

What is a rogue breeder?

A rogue breeder breeds animals in ways that seriously harm the welfare of both the parent stock and their offspring. To them, animals are nothing more than products: females are bred as often as possible, often starting at too young an age, and are kept in miserable conditions with little rest, light, or care.

These practices are not limited to dogs and cats — they also exist in the worlds of poultry, small livestock, sheep, goats and cattle.

Often these breeders lure buyers with cute photos or smooth talk on websites or classified ads, but behind the scenes, the reality is much sadder.

What to watch out for when buying?

1️⃣ Always visit the farm or facility

Never buy an animal in a parking lot or via a middleman. Insist on visiting the breeder’s farm or premises. This allows you to see the animals’ living conditions for yourself:

Are the barns or coops clean?
Do the animals have enough space, water and feed?
Do the other animals look healthy and lively?

Rogue breeders often keep animals in dark, dirty sheds, with minimal care and no chance to exhibit natural behaviour.

2️⃣ Ask to see the parent animals

A good breeder proudly shows you the mother (and often the father) of the animal you’re buying. This lets you check if they are healthy and well cared for.
Rogue breeders often come up with excuses why you can’t see the mother, or show you a different, healthier-looking animal to give the impression that all is well.

3️⃣ Pay attention to how many breeds and animals they offer

Breeders who sell “a bit of everything” — many breeds and many young animals at once — are usually focused on mass production. A responsible breeder usually specializes in one or a few related breeds and keeps a manageable number of animals so each gets proper care.

4️⃣ Observe the animals carefully

Take your time to watch the animals:

Do they look clean and healthy?
Are they alert and social, or shy and fearful?
Do they behave normally for their age and species?

Also watch how the seller interacts with the animals. Is there a bond? Or do they treat them like numbers?

5️⃣ Be critical, ask questions

A responsible breeder will also ask you questions: why do you want this animal? Do you have the right facilities? How will you care for it? A rogue breeder doesn’t care, as long as you pay.

Always ask about paperwork: pedigree, registration, health certificates, vaccination records. If possible, check whether the breeder is registered or certified by the proper authorities.

Why you shouldn’t buy “out of pity”

Many people buy from a rogue breeder because “they feel sorry for the animal.” In the short term, you may help that one animal, but in the long run you’re financing the system. For every animal you “rescue,” new animals are produced in the same miserable conditions. It’s better to report what you see to the authorities so they can intervene.

Where to go if you have doubts?

Check the list of licensed breeders in your area.
Read reviews and experiences on social media or forums.
Report suspicious situations to your local animal welfare authority or police.

In short: how to spot a good breeder…

✅ Clean, spacious and healthy living conditions
✅ Animals that are social and well cared for
✅ Willingness to answer your questions and show you everything
✅ Critical about who buys their animals
✅ Paperwork and registration in order

And how to spot a rogue breeder…

�� Vague appointments in neutral locations
�� No mother animal visible
�� Many breeds and animals for sale at once
�� No interest in who you are as a buyer
�� Sickly, shy or neglected animals

Conclusion

Anyone who keeps animals also has a responsibility — to the animals themselves and to the entire sector. By consciously choosing responsible breeders, you help prevent animal suffering and support healthy, strong breeds. Don’t be fooled by cute photos or low prices — be critical and ask questions.

If you suspect you’re dealing with a rogue breeder, always report it to the proper authorities. Together, we can make a difference.

Poultry Grandmasters: The Bruges Fighter

Tue, 08 Jul 2025 17:20:53 GMT

Poultry Grandmasters: The Bruges Fighter.

An Interview with Breed Expert Joost De Meyer from Belgium

Introduction Every spring, I travel to Belgium to export hatching eggs for AOBA. A visit to Joost De Meyer – renowned breeder of Brugse Vechters (Bruges fighter) and author – is always a must. It's always a pleasure to see Joost again, to admire his breeding pens, and to listen to his insights and experiences over a warm cup of coffee. I've visited him several times already, but strangely enough, I never thought of actually recording his knowledge. That’s why I decided to do this interview: 25 questions I sent to Joost by email, which he answered with the same dedication he gives to his animals.

Enjoy reading!

Jean Kiala-Inkisi
President – African Ornamental Breeders Association (AOBA)

The Brugse vechter is known by several names: Brugse vechter, Combattant de Bruges, Bruges Blue, Bruges Game, and Bruges Fighter.

General Background and Passion

How and when did you start breeding the Brugse Vechter (Bruges fighter)?

I started breeding Bruges game in 1994. I moved to a house with a big garden and decided to

keep chickens to control the weeds. Since I don’t like to keep whatever everbody else is keeping,

I started to look around what breeds of chickens exist and to my big surprise, I found a local

breed I never heard of before, Bruges gamefowl. I was intrigued and started looking for breeders

so I could have these birds myself. I went to France, the Netherlands and Germany to buy

animals and I found a couple of local breeders who wanted to help me to get started with my

own bloodline.

What originally attracted you to this particular breed?

The fact that it was a local breed (I lived 8 kilometers from Bruges and went to school in Bruges),

that it was an extremely rare breed (at that time there were less than 10 breeders in Belgium) and

that it was a big breed. I’m 1,93 m tall and don’t see myself breeding bantams ;)

Can you tell us something about the history and origin of the Brugse Vechter (Bruges fighter)?

Its origins go back to the 1500’s. Merchants from Lombardy in Italy moved to Bruges as Bruges

was one of the most important trade cities in the world at that time. They started a system of

banks and pawn shops in Bruges. They brought along a poultry breed that was known as

Lombardic fowl. These Lombards were the direct predecendants of Bruges game. The name

Bruges game was first used in the 1850’s. The breed was officialy recognised in 1908 and the first

breed standard was established in 1909.

Breeding Experience and Selection

In your opinion, what are the most important traits to select for in this breed?

It is all about the type: backline should be almost horizontal, tail in an angle of 20°-30°, quite

high on the legs, triangular body shape, broad chest. All the rest is of secondary importance.

How many generations have you personally bred?

I’ve bred somewhere between 25 and 30 generations of Bruges gamefowl.

What challenges do you most often encounter when breeding Brugse Vechters?

For me personally, the most difficult part of breeding is to find new bloodlines to avoid too much

inbreeding. Since 90% of the bloodlines available in Belgium originate from my bloodline or have

a large percentage of my bloodline in them, it is very hard to find new blood. If I find new blood, I

don’t know which faults are incorporated in that particular bloodline, so each time I introduce

new animals, I risk raising a generation that is useless for further breeding …

At what age do you start selecting, and what do you look for at that stage?

I use different set-ups for my youngsters. First they are kept inside with a heat source untill they

are fully feathered. Then they are moved to a covered and enclosed area outside. At

approximatly 12-16 weeks they move to an outside pen. Each movement is an opportunity for

selection. Due to my long years of selection, I don’t have to worry about type. I know the body

type will be correct so the first criterium I use is eye and chest colour. The eyes should be dark

brown and I prefer an evenly coloured chest, either black or blue. If the eyes are too pale or if I

notice colour leaking in the chest, I eliminate those birds immediately.

How do you manage inbreeding or genetic diversity within your lines?

I use line breeding: father x daughter, father x grand daughter, … mother x son, mother x grand

son, … This allows me to have different strains that I can mix after a couple of years without

fearing too much inbreeding. Every now and then I try to bring new blood into my lines, but as I

said earlier, that comes with certain risks. Therefore I keep those birds separate from my other

breeders. If something goes wrong, I will still have my own bloodline.

Breed Standard and Preservation

You’ve written a book on the breed standard — what motivated you to do so?

In 2019 we (Antoon Krekelbergh, Rik Snauwaert and myself) organised a day for breeders of

Bruges gamefowl to educate them on the breed, as well in theory as hands on. I took care of the

historical part. After that day, a lot of breeders were asking if it would be possible to present

them with the texts used that day. Since Rik was already seriously ill and Antoon is a great

speaker but not a good writer, I volonteered to prepare something. This got out of hand and

turned into a book with 200+ pages.

How important is it, in your view, that breeders stick to that standard?

The breed standard is a guide line. If you want to have uniformity in a certain breed, it is

extremely important to follow that guide line. The biggest problem is the interpretation of the

breed standard. Each breeder has a tendancy to bend the interpretation of the breed standard

so that his animals are compliant to the standard. “Faults” in their bloodline are ignored. This

makes that within the breed, even though there are only a very limited number of breeders in

Belgium, there is a lot of diversity. This is also one of the reasons I decided to write my book. I

use a lot of pictures to explain how the breed standard should be interpreted. By showing what is

correct or wrong and explaining why it is correct or wrong, it’s easier for breeders to comply to

the breed standard.

What physical features are essential to consider a Brugse Vechter “typical”?

The body type is crucial: the backline should be almost horizontal, the tail should make an angle

of 20°-30°, the body shape must be triangular, wings must be carried horizontal and since it is a

game fowl, it should be quite high on its legs. The comb is a peacomb with 3 distinct rows.

Comb, ear lobes and wattles should be as small as possible. The eye colour must be dark brown

to black. It should have pronounced eye brows so that you can hardly see the eye if you look at

the head from above. The leg colour is slate blue. Beak and toe nails must be dark.

Do you see evolution or decline in the quality of the breed over the years?

There is a distinct evolution of the breed over the years. The animals that are avialable today

have hardly anything to see with the animals I started with. It took me 15 years to consolidate the

type alone. Bruges game is still a breed that needs fine tuning which makes breeding Bruges

game a challenge. Selection is key when trying to improve the breed. The biggest challenge right

now is to educate the breeders so that they all aim for the same goal.

Ethics and Image

The Brugse Vechter (Bruges fighter) has a history as a fighting breed. How do you see its role today in modern poultry breeding?

Since cock fighting is banned in Belgium since the 1880’s, the breed has evolved into a show

breed. Nevertheless, in my humble opinion, character remains one the selection criteria. Bruges

game must remain game. Beside their gameness, Bruges were originally bred for egg and meat

production. An adult rooster can weigh up to 6-6,5 kg. Eggs weigh easily 65-70 grams. Since it

takes Bruges game 2 years to reach maturity, their economic value is limited but as an

ornamental fowl, their appearance is impressive.

What do you say to people who judge the breed negatively based on its appearance or behavior?

The negative perception of the breed by the general public comes from its name: Brugse vechter,

Bruges game … People get the impression that it is an agressive breed which is a misconception.

Bruges game is no more agressive than any other poultry breed. Hens will protect their eggs and

chicks, roosters will protect their hens. As a breeder, you must follow a couple of simple rules

that are viable for any other breed: keep eye contact with the rooster, don’t turn your back on a

rooster, never get between the rooster and his hens.

In your view, how can we improve the breed’s public image?

By changing the name to one of the elder denominations of the breed, Brugse Blauwe (Bruges

blue) the conotation with their gameness would be eliminated. Since this is an impactfull

change, it is unlikely that this name change will ever happen. An easier way to change the image

of the breed is to show the birds as much as possible to the big audience. Not in a cage, but in

public animal parks.

Promotion and Education

You actively promote the breed — how do you go about doing that?

I try to inform people as good as I can. If people come to my place, I try to educate them on the

breed so that they understand what they get into. Breeding Bruges game is not as breeding

brahma. Breeding Bruges game is a work in progress and therefore a challenge. People need to

understand that to avoid deception which results in giving up on the breed.

What role do clubs or poultry exhibitions play in promoting the Brugse Vechter?

At this very moment, only 2 or maybe 3 breeders are showing Bruges game on exhibitions in

Belgium. Therefore you’ll hardly ever see more than 5 Bruges on an exhibition. If you notice that

there were only 5 or 6 Bruges game at the latest show of the Belgian Gamefowl Club, which is

one of the biggest gamefowl exhibitions in Europe, than you understand there is a problem …

Not one club in Belgium takes on an active role in promoting the breed, apart from SLE, the

organization that published my book. But their engagement stopped after they had the book

published. I find it difficult to understand that they didn’t use the publication as an opportunity

to actively promote the breed.

How can organizations like ours contribute to the preservation and appreciation of the breed?

Just the fact that your organization is spending time and attention to the breed, is a huge step

forward. Not one club in Belgium has a page on their website dedicated to a single breed, let

alone Bruges game, apart from speciality clubs that are promoting 1 specific breed

International Perspective

Do you believe the Brugse Vechter (Bruges fighter) has international potential as an ornamental or show bird?

Absolutely! Bruges game is the largest gamefowl in the world and one of the oldest recognized

breeds. Their appearance is fierce and bold and therefore ideal if you want to distinct yourself as

a breeder from the masses.

Are there differences in how the breed is viewed in Belgium compared to other countries?

Germany is very well known for modifying breed standards to their likings. Each breed is

modified to a German version of that breed. Germans for instance like the dark expressive faces

of Bruges game. To obtain those, they decided that black skin is an asset whereas in the Belgian

standard slightly blueish skin is tolerated but white skin is prefered.

Practical Tips for Breeders

What basic advice would you give to a beginner who wants to start with the Brugse Vechter (Bruges fighter)?

Make sure you know what you’re getting started with. Inform yourself. Read the breed standard

and learn how to understand this standard. Talk to known breeders and learn from their

experiences.

What are common mistakes made when keeping or breeding this breed?

People often take wrong decisions when selecting young birds. Don’t eliminate too soon

because Bruges game take time to mature and while maturing, their appearance may evolve. So

select by using the obvious criteria. Another common mistake is not selecting at all. Not all

offspring is good enough to use for further breeding. By not selecting, you allow faults to get

incorporated into your bloodline.

How important is feeding and general care in developing a strong and healthy bird?

Bruges game are big birds. They need a lot of protein to develop their musscle mass. On the

other hand, overfeeding or force feeding will result in problems with the joints. You need to find

the right balance. When the chicks are still very young, humidity is their biggest enemy. They

need a dry environment to avoid diseases such as coccidiosis. Personally, I will only use

medication in case of extreme emergency. I strongly believe in survival of the fittest to create a

strong and lively strain.

Vision for the Future

How do you see the future of the Brugse Vechter (Bruges fighter) in the next 10 to 20 years?

I don’t know … There are a couple of young, enthousiastic breeders that have started with the

breed in the last few years. They concider the breed as living heritage. Unfortunately I’m talking

about 3 or 4 persons only. I hope the breed will never go extinct in Belgium but it will depend on

the perseverance of a few persons …

What would be your ultimate wish for the preservation and recognition of this unique breed?

I just hope that some day another person will be as fanatic and enthousiastic about the breed as

myself. I hope that that person will have the resources and knowledge to actively promote the

breed so that it can be preserved. I also hope that breeders all over the world share a common

view on the breed rather than the fragmentation of today. Sometimes people forget it’s all about

the breed, it’s not about the breeders. Breeders are just the temporary administrators of a 500

year old heritage …

Preserving the Bruges Fighter: A critically endangered Flemish Belgian icon.

Wed, 21 May 2025 21:53:45 GMT

Preserving the Bruges Fighter:

A critically endangered Flemish Belgian icon.

The Bruges Fighter, a quintessential Flemish-Belgian icon, teeters on the brink of extinction. In Belgium, only a handful of dedicated breeders remain, with fewer than 200 birds left in its native land. Despite efforts to revive the breed in Flanders, it remains dangerously close to disappearing altogether. The main threats to its survival stem from internal disputes among breeders, genetic bottlenecks, and crossbreeding with other breeds such as Ayam Cemani, Combattant du Liège, Combattant du Nord, Izegemse Koekoek, Madras Aseel, and Malay Game.

At the African Ornamental Breeders Association (AOBA) , we take great pride in our exclusive collection of these legendary heavyweight Belgian gamecocks. Thanks to ample resources, we are able to breed on a large scale, enforce strict selection and testing, and raise our birds in the unforgiving natural environment of the Congo Basin. We have built a flock of over 500 Bruges Fighters, the largest and most genetically diverse single breeding stock in the world. Our JKI-AOBA breeding program consists of two distinct strains divided into five blends, making our private collection of “Modern Bruges Fighters” unique worldwide.

My personal journey

My journey with the Bruges Fighter began in 2012, when I became involved in an agroforestry project in the Democratic Republic of Congo, entrusted to me by the Scheut missionaries. Through them, in Lisala, Pendua, and Kinshasa, I encountered the hardy Bruges Fighter — often described in their distinctive West Flemish accent as a robust and dependable layer. Initially indifferent to these chickens, I eventually gave in to the fathers’ insistence, driven by nostalgia for my own maternal West Flemish roots in Bruges. At the time, I had no idea how endangered the breed already was.

I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Brother Jan Van Weyenbergh for introducing me to the late Brother Jozef Soenen († March 21, 2024). Brother Jozef — a West Flemish farmer’s son and missionary — deserves special thanks for his wise advice on animal husbandry, for entrusting me with his private collection of Bruges Fighters, and for his tireless support through countless mission parcels from Belgium, including vegetable seeds from AVEVE and Belgian rabbits.

I am also deeply grateful to my other West Flemish missionary friends:

Brother Albert De Meyere († January 26, 2024)
Father Willy Vanhaelewyn († June 16, 2024)
Father Michel Vanfleteren († March 15, 2025)
Father Alfred De Sutter († May 19, 2025)
for their invaluable advice, knowledge, and encouragement throughout this journey.

The colonial flock and AOBA

The colonial strain I manage descends from three distinct blends, originating from shipments sent to Congo between 1955 and 1991 by the Scheut missionaries:

Cocquet, De Beerst, Loosveldt, and Staes (1955–1970)
T’Jaekens, Van Caeneghem, and Van Damme (1960–1980)
Hollanders, Swanepoel, and Verstraete (1975–1991)

These bloodlines were preserved on the mission posts despite decades of inbreeding.

The founding of AOBA in 2019 marked a turning point. Through chance encounters on social media, my interest in the Bruges Fighter was rekindled. Although I was preoccupied with other projects at the time, I found myself drawn back to this breed. In 2024, through fortuitous collaborations, I succeeded in facilitating the first import of Bruges Fighter hatching eggs to Congo in over fifty years, thanks to breeders such as Joost De Meyer, Jan Martens, Antoon Krekelbergh, Glen Vandamme, Erwin Engels, Paul Vandenbussche, and Danny Van Eynde — a significant milestone for the conservation of the breed.

As I delved deeper into the world of Bruges Fighters, I was confronted with the complexities of preserving genetic integrity amidst accusations of crossbreeding and the challenges of adhering to the breed standard. Recognizing the need for empirical data, I initiated a genetic research project to sequence the genomes of both the colonial and Belgian populations. The results, to be published in 2025, will guide our breeding strategies and contribute to the conservation of this iconic breed. While acknowledging the breed’s historical evolution and further development, I stress the importance of genetic diversity and fidelity to the breed standard.

Looking ahead

AOBA’s breeding plan involves comprehensive genetic research, meticulous selection, and the establishment of new breeding flocks. We are committed to building a healthy African population of 5,000 Bruges Fighters. While Belgium’s role in preserving the breed is acknowledged, AOBA remains cautious about exporting stock, advocating for stronger conservation efforts within Belgium itself. Our crown jewels are shared judiciously, guided by an unwavering commitment to their preservation and prosperity.

At AOBA, we strive to honor this legacy through careful stewardship and collaborative conservation efforts, ensuring that future generations can continue to admire the strength and beauty of the Bruges Fighter.

Bloodlines and structure

The hatching eggs imported in 2024 came from the following breeders and their lines:

Joost De Meyer , active for over 30 years, incorporating lines from Ronny & Dieter Vandecasteele, Antoon Krekelbergh, Rik Snauwaert, Paul Struys, Marc Crommelinck, Peter Donck, Harald Heb, Jean-Louis Hoyez, and Andy Mahr.
Jan Martens , also over 30 years active, initially sourcing birds from Wauter Lenaert and later incorporating Marc Crommelinck’s lines.
Antoon Krekelbergh , active for more than 30 years, with lines from Christof Victor, Joost De Meyer, Rik Snauwaert, and Danny Van Eynde.
Glen Vandamme (mentored by Antoon Krekelbergh)
Erwin Engels
Paul Vandenbussche , nearly 30 years active, with birds from Miel Tahon, Antoon Van Loocken, Erwin Engels, Marc Crommelinck, Jan Martens, Danny Van Eynde, Joost De Meyer, Rik Snauwaert, Pierot, Luc Van Looveren, and Torsten Stephane.
Danny Van Eynde

I maintain separate strains and bloodlines among my Bruges Fighters:

Group 1: Colonial strain (2012–2024)

Blend 1: Cocquet, De Beerst, Loosveldt, and Staes (1955–1970)
Blend 2: T’Jaekens, Van Caeneghem, and Van Damme (1960–1980)
Blend 3: Hollanders, Swanepoel, and Verstraete (1975–1991)

G1B1 – G1B2 – G1B3

Group 2: Belgian strain (2024)

Blend 1: Joost De Meyer, Jan Martens, Antoon Krekelbergh, Glen Vandamme, Erwin Engels, and Paul Vandenbussche
Blend 2: Danny Van Eynde (Linter)

G2B1 – G2B2

The various lines in Blend 1 (G2B1) have been merged due to the exchange of genetic material among these breeders. Blend 2 (G2B2) is kept separate because of its fibromelanosis — not recognized by the breeders of Blend 1 — and because of its greater crossbreeding with the Liège Fighter.

I have deliberately refrained from importing hatching eggs from Germany, even though some Belgian lines have a small percentage of German blood. In my view, German birds are notably smaller and finer-built compared to those of G1 and G2.

I wish to state explicitly that neither I nor AOBA consider ourselves “experts” in the Bruges Fighter. We simply had the good fortune of inheriting what we have. All credit belongs to the breeders who came before us.

Special thanks
I would like to thank Joost De Meyer , a true master breeder of Brugse Vechter, for his guidance and valuable advice. His knowledge and passion are a great inspiration to me as a starting breeder.

Jean Kiala-Inkisi
President – African Ornamental Breeders Association (AOBA)

AOBA Insights & Livestock Stories

Poultry Grandmasters: The La Flèche

Poultry Grandmasters: The La Flèche

An Interview with Breed Expert Peter Ferjenčík, aka Kohut Zpekla (“Rooster from Hell”) from Slovakia.

Background & Beginnings

The La Flèche Breed

Color Varieties & Bloodlines

Shows & Recognition

Breeding & The Future

La Flèche: A French Aristocrat in the Chicken Coop

La Flèche: A French Aristocrat in the Chicken Coop

By Jean Kiala-Inkisi, President - African Ornamental Breeders Association (AOBA)

History and Origin

Physical Characteristics

Behavior and Character

Production and Use

Care and Breeding

Preserving the La Flèche

My Personal Experience

Would you like to know more about the La Flèche or are you interested in breeding advice? Feel free to contact me. Together, we can give this remarkable breed a bright future.

The Importance of Vaccinating Pigeons

Healthy pigeons are the foundation of any success. Vaccination is an essential step to protect your pigeons from dangerous diseases.

Why vaccinate?

When and how often?

How is vaccination done?

Tips for African pigeon keepers

And don’t forget…

Conclusion

Pigeon Grandmasters: Roel De Meyer (from Team De Meyer - Boddaert)

Pigeon Grandmasters: Roel De Meyer (from Team De Meyer - Boddaert)

An Interview with a Belgian Champion on the International Stage.

Rogue Breeders: How to Spot Them?

True animal care starts before you buy: why being critical is crucial for welfare and quality. ﻿

What is a rogue breeder?

What to watch out for when buying?

1️⃣ Always visit the farm or facility

2️⃣ Ask to see the parent animals

3️⃣ Pay attention to how many breeds and animals they offer

4️⃣ Observe the animals carefully

5️⃣ Be critical, ask questions

Why you shouldn’t buy “out of pity”

Where to go if you have doubts?

In short: how to spot a good breeder…

Conclusion

Poultry Grandmasters: The Bruges Fighter

Poultry Grandmasters: The Bruges Fighter.

An Interview with Breed Expert Joost De Meyer from Belgium

Preserving the Bruges Fighter: A critically endangered Flemish Belgian icon.

Preserving the Bruges Fighter:

A critically endangered Flemish Belgian icon.

My personal journey

The colonial flock and AOBA

Looking ahead

Bloodlines and structure

Group 1: Colonial strain (2012–2024)

Group 2: Belgian strain (2024)

True animal care starts before you buy: why being critical is crucial for welfare and quality.